![]() As a result, an imbalance between enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and ROS generation leads to endothelial dysfunction, endothelial cell necrosis and apoptosis due to increased endothelial permeability 4. In response to a hyperglycemic environment, several proinflammatory pathways also participate in oxidative and antioxidant processes. Increased ROS production causes aberrant regulation of many genes, including inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intermediate molecules that act as secondary messengers in the cell 3. Studies have proven that oxidative stress mediates the production and secretion of cytokines in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Since an endothelial function can be a marker for the progression of these diseases, a more serious approach is needed to treat abnormal endothelial function 2. ![]() The natural vascular endothelium is considered a protector of cardiovascular health 1, while its abnormality is a major cause of many disorders including peripheral vascular disease, heart disease, diabetes, insulin resistance and chronic heart failure. RGNps have demonstrated significant potential in alleviating oxidative stress and preventing endothelial cell disorders.Įndothelial cells are important components of blood vessels, playing an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis by regulating blood flow and fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, monocyte adhesion, and platelet aggregation. The MFC provides a distinct advantage in observing cell morphology and inducing endothelial cell dysfunction. Morphologically, cells in the MFC presented superior structure compared to those in traditional cell culture plates, and the induction of hyperglycemia successfully led to the formation of multinucleated variant endothelial cells (MVECs). In the MFC,the DCFH-DA analysis indicated that RGNPs (20 nm) reduced cellular oxidative stress by 57–82%, surpassing both CGNps and free Resveratrol. Notably, RGNPs (20 nm) exhibited antioxidative properties through DPPH scavenging activity (%) in the range of approximately 38–86% which was greater than that of CGNps at about 21–32%. RGNPs, both 3.0 ± 0.5 nm and 20.2 ± 4.7 nm, consistently showed high cell viability (more than about 90%) across tested concentrations. Free Resveratrol demonstrated peak DPPH scavenging activity but had a cell viability of about 24–35%. For assessing intracellular oxidative stress, the 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay was conducted, and results from both the cell culture plate and MFC were compared. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was employed to measure the extracellular antioxidant potential, and cell viability was determined using the Alamar Blue test. A microfluidic chip (MFC) with dynamic flow conditions was designed to simulate body vessels and to investigate the antioxidant properties of resveratrol gold nanoparticles (RGNps), citrate gold nanoparticles (CGNps), and free Resveratrol on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Addressing the challenges of its limited solubility and stability, gold nanoparticles (GNps) were utilized as carriers. Resveratrol, a plant polyphenol, possesses antioxidant properties that can mitigate oxidative stress. advancinglifescience.Vascular endothelial cells play a vital role in the health and maintenance of vascular homeostasis, but hyperglycemia disrupts their function by increasing cellular oxidative stress. Our new product portfolio brand structure and visual identity sets the tone for the future of our business – as an organization that is pioneering, imaginative, bold and unique, and which creates diverse and innovative experiences for our customers.Īside from these changes, nothing about the functionality or characteristics of the products, or how they are ordered, will change.įor more information on the packaging and labeling changes, please see the following pages, or contact Customer Service, email or contact your dedicated account manager.įor additional information on the portfolio brand strategy, visit: The rebranding of our product packaging and labeling, in conjunction with the realignment of our products into our six portfolio brands, follows the launch of our new brand in 2015 and the integration of Sigma-Aldrich into our life science business, the largest acquisition in our history. This will ensure that our products and packaging are visibly, boldly and undeniably MilliporeSigma and that you will start to see a consistent brand presence across the entirety of MilliporeSigma. ![]() At MilliporeSigma, we are rebranding all of our life science products, packaging, labeling and related documentation to reflect consistent corporate branding and relevant portfolio branding.
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